General Science Biology Current Affairs Questions and Answers – Updated

General Science Questions and Answers – Biology

• The word 'Botany' originated from which language? – Greek
• Whose oath is administered to the students of medical science? – Hippocrates
• The environment is studied under which branch of biology? – Ecology
• What is the function of Leghaemoglobin in nitrogen fixation? – Absorption of Oxygen
• Which is the free-living bacteria that increases paddy yield in the soil? – Annabina
• Foot and mouth disease in animals is caused due to – Virus
• Which symbiotic algae are found in the secretory cells of Hydra? – Euclorella
• Which fungus is used in the manufacture of double roti? – Saccharomyces
• What is the lichen that grows on the bark of trees? – Carticols
• What is a lichen that grows on empty rocks? – Sexycoles
• Which lichen in Japan is eaten as a vegetable? – Endocarpon
• In the botanical world, what is known as aquifer? – Bryophyta
• In which class plants do seeds form, but the seeds remain naked on the plant? – Genosperm
• From whom is Ephedrine obtained in asthma and cough diseases? – Ephedra
• Which one is cultivated by transplanting plants? – Onion
• Which part of pear is eaten? – Pulmonary Inflorescence
• Which plant has seed but no fruit? – Cycus
• Generally, what is not required for germination? – Light
• Viviparous germination is found in – In Rhizophora
• What can be eaten only by eating more in which more population of earth can be fed? – Vegetable Products

• What is the oil seed crop related to? – Crucifery
• From which part of Atropa belladonna is the drug 'Belladonna' obtained? – With Leaves
• Which part of the plant Ephedra produces the drug Ephedrine? – Stem
• Flower-dried buds are used as spices – In Cloves
• Which part of cauliflower is eaten? – Inflorescence
• Turmeric (Cauliflower) powder is obtained from which part of the turmeric plant? – Dry
• Where is the spice clove used in general use? – From flower bud
• In which crop is Azola anabina bio fertilizer used? – Rice
• Chilgoza is derived from which one of the following species? – Pine
• Ecology is related to 'Ecology'? – Body structure and environment
• Hargovind Khurana received the prestigious Nobel Prize in which field? – Medical Science
• Who was the scientist who first explained the blood circulation? – Harvey
• The first replacement of the heart was done by – Doctor Christian Bernard
• How many essential elements are required for plant growth? – 16
• Paddy Khaira disease or miniature disease is caused by deficiency of which element? – Zinc
• Whip tail is a deficiency of which of the following elements? – Dove
• By which of the energy transformations is the action of photosynthesis performed? – Chemical energy from light
• Which gas is released by green plants in photosynthesis? – Oxygen
• Anesthetic fruits can be obtained by spraying which plant hormones? – Auxin
• Photomagnetic movement is controlled by – Auxin
• Which Indian scientist's name is associated with plant growth titration? – Jagdish Chandra Bose
• Which tree requires the highest amount of water for its growth? – Eucalyptus
• What is the green substance found in the leaves of trees? – Chlorophyll
• Which is the most responsible factor for plant diseases? – Mildew
• Green plum disease is related to which fruit? – Millet
• Tikka disease is related to which crop? – Peanut
• The famous paddy disease 'Khaira disease' is caused by – Due to zinc deficiency
• What causes red rust disease in tea? – Green Algae
• Which condition of insect invading crops often causes more harm? – Caterpillars
• Which living tissue acts as a biodegradable carrier in upper-class plants? – Phloem

• By which water and mineral salts are handled in plants? – Xylem
• By whom can the age of a tree be ascertained? – By counting the annual rings
• In vascular plants, water goes up to – Xylem Tissue
• Who has rendered the word 'gene'? – Johansen
• Barbera McLintock is famous for work on which plant? – Corn
• Who won the Nobel Prize for artificially synthesizing DNA in 1959? – Kornberg
• By whom was the science of heredity called 'genetics'? – Watson
• Which biologist first gave the name 'Cell'? – Robert Hooke
• Which composition differentiates the animal cell from the plant cell? – Centriole
• Which of the following functions will not be performed in the absence of ribosomes in the cell? – Protein Synthesis
• If mitochondria stop working, then what function will not be possible in the cell? – Oxidation of food
• What is called a power house of a cell? – Mitochondria
• The difference between a plant cell and an animal cell is found due to the presence of – Cell wall
• Which signaling plays a major role in protein synthesis? – Endoplasmic reticulum and ribosome
• What is cellular and molecular control of 'programmed cell death'? – Aging
• Which organ is usually not present in the animal cell? – Lavak
• Who first used the word Protoplasm? – Purkinje
• Whose statement is 'living organisms are the physical basis of life'? – Huxley
• Who first proposed the bilingual format of DNA? – Watson and Kirk
• Who first discovered the nucleus? – Brown
• Where is the Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology located? – Hyderabad
• Where are tidal forests predominantly mangrove found? – Sundarbans Delta
• If all the plants of the world die, due to whose deficiency all animals will die? – Oxygen
• Food chain means energy transfer by – From one organism to another
• In what proportion should the forest area be in India to maintain ecological balance? – 33.3%
• Which agricultural work is environmentally appropriate? – Organic Agriculture
• Which is a major cause of ecological imbalance in India? – Deforestation
• Which pigment protects the plant from the ill effects of ultraviolet rays? – Phycocyanin
• What is the rotation of elements in an ecosystem called? – Bio-geochemical cycle
• Which is the best source of power product from the point of view of sustainable development in India? – Hydropower

• Sustainable development is a matter of intergenerational sensitivity in terms of which use? – Natural Resources
• What is the minimum land required to sustain a man's life fully? – Ecological footprint
• Which gas contributes most to the 'green house effect' on Earth? – Carbon dioxide
• Which gas combines with hemoglobin to form a toxic substance in the blood? – CO
• Which gas leak happened in Bhopal accident? – Methyl Isocyanate
• Which air pollutant causes nervous system diseases in humans? – Lead
• Which form of energy does not cause pollution? – Solar Energy
• Where is the ozone hole in the atmosphere located? – Over Antarctica
• Phenolics as pollutants can be extracted from dirty water by using – Polymer Adsorbent
• The worst air polluting substance is – Carbon Dioxide
• What are the pollutants flowing downstream with the flow of ground water? – Depositor
• Which branch of science is studied under the diseases? – Osteology
• What is studied under polyantology? – Fossils
• For whom is the study of tissue culture useful? – For Genetics
• What is the study of antibodies and antigen in blood called? – Serology
• Who first outlined the structure of DNA? – Watson and Kirk
• The 'theory of development' was propounded by – Darwin
• By whom was the science of heredity called Genetics? – Watson
• Which scientist discovered that malaria is caused by mosquitoes? – Ronald Ross
• What type of tissue serves as the body's protective shield? – Epithelial Tissue
• Who gave the Double Helix Model of DNA? – Watson and Kirk
• By whom are the qualities of parents transferred to their children? – By Chromosome
• The sex of a newborn can be determined by the inherited chromosome. – Father
• What is the number of autosomes in a normal human sperm? – 22 pairs
• If one color blind person is married to the normal daughter of another color blind person, what will happen to the children? – Half-son Varna
• Malaria parasites and amoeba are classified in which category? – Protozoa
• Where is Histolytica found for Peaches or Amoebiasis? – Entamiba
• Flat Worms are kept under which union? – Platyhelminthes
• Tap Worm is an important creature of which union? – Platyhelminthes
• Under which union is the round dummies or the formula dummies? – Nemathelminthes
• Pheretima posthuma is the scientific name of which of the following? – Earthworm
• Which group of organisms is important in detecting death due to drowning? – Diatom
• Which one type of organism is found to have an incident in which the female kills the male posthumously? – Spider
• Leaving which one in the ponds and wells helps in controlling mosquitoes? – Gambusia

Biology Questions and Solved Examples

Q.1: Which part of the human brain is more developed than other mammals?
A. Cerebellum
B. Cerebrum
C. Sensory lobes
D. None of these
Answer: B. Cerebrum
Explanation: Cerebrum of the human brain is more developed than other mammals.

Q.2: What would happen to the person if cerebellum of his brain is damaged?
A. He will lose his memory power
B. He will not be able to swallow food properly
C. He will be unable to coordinate and stand properly
D. He will lose his powers of vision and hearing
Answer: C. He will be unable to coordinate and stand properly
Explanation: If a person's cerebellum is damaged, then he will not be able to coordinate and stand up properly.


Q.3: Which of the following is not a plant hormone?
A. Auxin
B. Gibberellins
C. Cytokinins
D. Adrenaline
Answer: D. Adrenaline
Explanation: Adrenaline is not a plant hormone. Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone, neurotransmitter. It is found in many animals and some single cell organisms.

Q.4: Corpus callosum is present in:
A. Medulla Oblongata
B. Pons
C. Cerebrum
D. Cerebellum
Answer: C. Cerebrum
Explanation: Corpus Callosum is present in the Cerebrum. Corpus colosum is a bridge between the left and right sides of the brain.

Q.5: The seat of intelligence, thinking and judgment in human brain is:
A. Medulla Oblongata
B. Mid Brain
C. Cerebrum
D. Cerebellum
Answer: C. Cerebrum
Explanation: The seat of intellect, thinking and judgment in the human brain is the Cerebrum.

Q.6: Ordinary table salt is sodium chloride. What is baking soda?
A. Potassium Chloride
B. Potassium Carbonate
C. Potassium Hydroxide
D. Sodium Bicarbonate
Answer: D. Sodium Bicarbonate
Explanation: Sodium Bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO₃. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation and a bicarbonate anion. Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline, but often appears as a fine powder.

Q.7: What is common to whale, seal and shark?
A. Homoiothermy
B. Seasonal Migration
C. Thick Subcutaneous Fat
D. Convergent Evolution
Answer: D. Convergent Evolution
Explanation: Convergent Evolution (independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages) is common to whale, seal and shark.

Q.8: Movement of cell against concentration gradient is called:
A. Osmosis
B. Active Transport
C. Diffusion
D. Passive Transport
Answer: B. Active Transport
Explanation: Active transport this is the only transport method that can move species against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration). Facilitated diffusion only moves species down their concentration gradient from high to low concentration.

Q.9: The concept of chemical evolution is based on:
A. Possible origin of life by combination of chemicals
B. Crystallization of chemicals under suitable environmental conditions
C. Interaction of water, air and clay under
D. Effect of solar radiation of chemicals
Answer: A. Possible origin of life by combination of chemicals
Explanation: The concept of chemical evolution is based on the possible origin of life by combination of chemicals.

Q.10: Most highly intelligent mammals are:
A. Whales
B. Dolphins
C. Elephants
D. Kangaroos
Answer: B. Dolphins
Explanation: Most highly intelligent mammals among the four is Dolphins.

Q.11: Pollination is best defined as:
A. Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma of the same plant.
B. Germination of pollen grains
C. Growth of pollen tube in ovule
D. Visiting flowers by insects
Answer: A. Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
Explanation: Pollination is best defined as the transfer of pollen from anther to stigma of the same plant.

Q.12: Most fish do not sink in water because of the presence of:
I. swim bladder
II. air bladder
III. air sacs
IV. air in spongy bones
A. I and II are correct
B. II and III are correct
C. III and IV are correct
D. I II III and IV are correct
Answer: A. I and II are correct
Explanation: Most fish do not sink in water because of the presence of swim bladder and air bladder.

Q.13: Plants that grow in saline water are called:
A. Halophytes
B. Hydrophytes
C. Mesophytes
D. Thallophytes
Answer: A. Halophytes
Explanation: Plants that grow in saline water are called Halophytes.

Q.14: Nucleus, the genetic material containing rounded body in each cell was first discovered in 1831 by:
A. Robert Hooke
B. Robert Brown
C. Rudolf Virchow
D. Theodore Schwann
Answer: B. Robert Brown
Explanation: Nucleus, the genetic material containing rounded body in each cell was first discovered in 1831 by Robert Brown.

Q.15: Most of the red blue and purple colours of plants are due to a pigment called:
A. Anthocyanin
B. Carotene
C. Chlorophyll
D. Xanthophylls
Answer: A. Anthocyanin
Explanation: Anthocyanin – A blue violet or red flavonoid pigment found in plants.